Lesson:46 这 是 不 是 药？
Is this a medicine?
note: ( 在 海关。 )
( At a customs. )
A: 先生，这些 黑的 是 什么 东西？
What are these black things, sir?
B: 这 是 一些 药。
This is some medicine.
A: 什么 药？
What medicine?
B: 中药。
It's traditional Chinese medicine.
A: 这 是 不 是 药？
Is this a medicine?
B: 这 不是 药，这 是 茶叶。
This is not a medicine, this is tea.
A: 那个 箱子 里 是 什么？
What's in that box?
B: 都 是 日用品。有 两 件 衣服、一 把 雨伞 和 一 瓶 香水，还 有 一 本 书、一 本 词典、两 张 光盘 和 三 支 笔。
They are all daily necessities. There are two clothes, an umbrella and a bottle of perfume. There are also a book, a dictionary, two CDs and three pens.
Chinese Character and Word.
雨 /yǔ/ 本 /běn/ 有 /yǒu/ 笔 /bǐ/ 支 /zhī/ 张 /zhāng/ 水 /shuǐ/ 里 /lǐ/ 黑 /hēi/ 药 /yào/ 件 /jiàn/ 把 /bǎ/ 瓶 /píng/ 词典 /cí diǎn/ 箱子 /xiāng zi/ 中药 /zhōng yào/ 西药 /xī yào/ 茶叶 /chá yè/ 日用品 /rì yòng pǐn/ 衣服 /yī fu/ 雨伞 /yǔ sǎn/ 香水 /xiāng shuǐ/ 光盘 /guāng pán/
Chinese Grammars.
1: The classifier “些” .
The classifier “些” indicates an uncertain amount, it is often used after “一” , “哪” , “这” , “那” etc.
For example:
一些人
一些书
哪些书
这些东西
Note: The classifier “些” can only be used with “一” . It does not collocate with other numerals.
2: Practice: Sentences with an Adjectival Predicate (1)
S + P [ adv. + adj. ]
这个 箱子 很 重。
This box is very heavy.
汉字 很 难。
Chinese characters are very difficult.
The negative form is
S + P[ “不” + adj. ]
我 不 忙。
I am not busy。
汉语 不 太 难。
Chinese is not very difficult.
那个 箱子 不 重。
That box is not heavy.
Adjectives in such sentences usually take an adverb before them. If they don't have an adverb, the meanings of the sentences will not be descriptive. Rather, they may imply a sence of comparison.
For example:
这个 汉字 很 难。
This Chinese character is very difficult.
这个 汉字 难，那个 汉字 不 难。
This Chinese character is difficult, and that Chinese character is not difficult.
这个 箱子 重，那个 箱子 轻。
The box is heavy. The box over there is light.
3: Affirmative-negative questions (2): V 不 V
An Affirmative-negative question is one in which the affirmative-negative question of the main element of the predicate are paralleled.
Subject + V + 不 + V + (O)?
For example:
(1)
你 去 不 去？
Are you going to go?
我 去。
I'll go.
(2)
你 喝 不 喝 茶？
Do you drink tea?
不 喝。
Don't drink.
(3)
你 看 不 看 电影？
Don't you see a movie?
看。
I see.
Subject + V1 + 不 + V1 + V2 + (O)?
For example:
(1)
你 去 不 去 看 电影？
Are you going to see a movie?
我 不 去。
I don't go.
(2)
你 想 不 想 买 电脑？
Do you want to buy a computer?
我 不 想。
I don't want.
4: “的” -phrase
“的” -phrase is formed by attaching the particle “的” to a noun, pronoun, adjective, verb or phrase. Its grammatical functions are equal to those of nouns.
For example:
(1)
这些 箱子 是 谁的？
Whose are these boxes?
新的 是 朋友的，旧的 是 我的。
The new one is my friend, the old one is mine.
(2)
这 是 谁的 书？
Whose book is this?
我 爸爸的。
My father's.
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